[136] Houston's diversity, historically fueled by large waves of Hispanic and Latino American, and Asian immigrants, has been attributed to its relatively low cost of living, strong job market, and role as a hub for refugee resettlement. The U.S. incarcerates 530 people for every 100,000 in its population, making it one of the worlds biggest jailers just below El Salvador, Rwanda and Turkmenistan. Houston attracts many touring Broadway acts, concerts, shows, and exhibitions for a variety of interests. [258] The current mayor of Houston is Sylvester Turner, a Democrat elected on a nonpartisan ballot. [318], The eight-county Greater Houston metropolitan area contains over 25,000 miles (40,000km) of roadway, of which 10%, or approximately 2,500 miles (4,000km), is limited-access highway. Official records for Houston were kept at the Weather Bureau in downtown from July 1888 to May 1969, and at Intercontinental since June 1969. Highways that follow the cardinal convention include U.S. Route 290 (Northwest Freeway), Interstate 45 north of Downtown (North Freeway), Interstate 10 east of Downtown (East Freeway), Texas State Highway 288 (South Freeway), and Interstate 69 south of Downtown (Southwest Freeway). It also ranks the 4th most Heres how you know [162] Since 2005, it has occupied the former Compaq Center sports stadium. The Houston Texans were formed in 2002 as an NFL expansion team, replacing the Houston Oilers, which had left the city in 1996. Houston is the seat of the Texas Medical Center, which is the largest medical center in the world,[299] and describes itself as containing the world's largest concentration of research and healthcare institutions. The largest and longest-running is the annual Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, held over 20days from early to late March, and is the largest annual livestock show and rodeo in the world. [252] Houston will host multiple matches during the 2026 FIFA World Cup. [306] As of 2011[update] the dental centers of Harris Health System take patients of ages 16 and up with patients under that age referred to the City of Houston's dental clinics. The controller's duties are to certify available funds prior to committing such funds and processing disbursements. The ship channel continues past Galveston and then into the Gulf of Mexico. Earl R. Verbeek, Karl W. Ratzlaff, Uel S. Clanton. [245] The Houston Texans are a National Football League expansion team formed in 2002. The Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences in the Department of Medicine, at Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) in Houston, Texas is seeking population science researchers' at all academic levels, with specialties in epidemiology (cancer or other diseases), implementation science, survivorship, nutrition, and [183] The Houston Ship Channel is also a large part of Houston's economic base. [12] In the mid-20th century, Houston's economy diversified, as it became home to the Texas Medical Centerthe world's largest concentration of healthcare and research institutionsand NASA's Johnson Space Center, home to the Mission Control Center. [96][97] The record highest temperature recorded in Houston is 109F (43C) at Bush Intercontinental Airport, during September 4, 2000, and again on August 27, 2011. [146][147][148] In 2018, the city scored a 70 out of 100 for LGBT friendliness. Due to the boom in defense jobs, thousands of new workers migrated to the city, both blacks, and whites competing for the higher-paying jobs. Houston has become known as a Black Mecca akin to Atlanta because it is a popular living destination for Black professionals and entrepreneurs. [66], Houston has four major bayous passing through the city that accept water from the extensive drainage system. The Houston Astros are a Major League Baseball expansion team formed in 1962 (known as the "Colt .45s" until 1965) that have won the World Series in 2017 and 2022 and appeared in it in 2005, 2019, and 2021. Paul Broussard was murdered in Montrose in 1991. [240] A proposal has been made to open the city's first botanic garden at Herman Brown Park.[241]. [265], Texas has banned sanctuary cities,[266] but Houston Mayor Sylvester Turner said Houston will not assist ICE agents with immigration raids. [24] About a dozen persons resided in the town at the beginning of 1837, but that number grew to about 1,500 by the time the Texas Congress convened in Houston for the first time that May. [218][219][220][221][222] Houston received the official nickname of "Space City" in 1967 because it is the location of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. WebTornado activity: Houston-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Texas state average.It is 87% greater than the overall U.S. average.. On 11/21/1992, a category F4 [264] The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. The 2020 study praises Houston for its: Ethnic diversity, with more than 145 languages spoken in Houston-area homes. The Houston Dynamo is a Major League Soccer franchise that has been based in Houston since 2006, winning two MLS Cup titles in 2006 and 2007. After five years, 80.5% of graduates are still living and working in the region. fourth most populous city in the United States, sixth most populous city in North America, ninth-most expansive city in the United States, natural disasters in the history of the United States, Marriage of Billie Ert and Antonio Molina, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston, Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter, Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of North America, Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network, List of colleges and universities in Houston, 10 largest institutions of higher learning, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, United States Department of Transportation, Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of U.S. cities with large Hispanic populations, "The Texas Triangle Megaregion Nears 21 Million Residents", "Promise and a few fibs launched this city's destiny", "2010 Port Industry Statistics, American Association of Port Authorities", "Houston Surpasses New York and Los Angeles as the 'Most Diverse in Nation', "Karankawas were among the First Texas Indians Encountered by Europeans", "Houston's Native American Heritage Runs Deep", "Houston Was the Railroad Center of Texas | RBH", J.H.W. WebIn 1850, Houston had 115 males for every hundred females, and this ratio increased to 136 per hundred by 1860. The tallest building in Uptown is the 64-floor, 901-foot (275m)-tall, Philip Johnson and John Burgee designed landmark Williams Tower (known as the Transco Tower until 1999). [51][52] In May 2015, seven people died after 12 inches of rain fell in 10 hours during what is known as the Memorial Day Flood. Overall, Houston has seen measurable snowfall 38 times between 1895 and 2018. The 2020 U.S. census determined Houston had a population of 2,304,280. NRG Stadium opened the same year. [124] The largest Hispanic or Latino American ethnic groups in the city were Mexican Americans (31.6%), Puerto Ricans (0.8%), and Cuban Americans (0.8%) in 2018. New Orleans was the center of this trade in the Deep South, but slave dealers were in Houston. Economic gains of blacks who entered defense industries continued in the postwar years. The median age of the city was 33.4. [302][303] The Menninger Clinic, a psychiatric treatment center, is affiliated with Baylor College of Medicine and the Houston Methodist Hospital System. Stele to Sayers, September 1112, 1900, "Marvin Hurley, 19101920, Houston History", "Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990", "Texas Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990", "Ellington Field: A Short History, 19171963", Houston, Texas Population History 1900 - 2019, "How Houston's 'Wild West' growth may have contributed to devastating flooding", "Recovery Beginning in Areas Affected by Hurricane Rita", 8th Congressional District of Texas 2007 Appropriations Project Requests, "Texas flood disaster: Harvey has unloaded 9 trillion gallons of water", "Hurricane Harvey was year's costliest U.S. disaster at $125 billion in damages", "Harvey certain to be one of the most expensive natural disasters ever", "Distance from Houston, TX, USA to Walter Umphrey State Park, Martin Luther King Junior Drive, Port Arthur, TX, USA", "Football power in Texas has shifted to Houston", Houston (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau, "The trouble with living in a swamp: Houston floods explained", Flood Forecasting for the Buffalo Bayou Using CRWR-PrePro and HEC-HMS, "Houston-Galveston, Texas Managing Coastal Subsidence", "Mapping Active Faults in the Houston Area using LIDAR Data, #50034 (2006)", Faults in Parts of North-Central and Western Houston Metropolitan Area, Texas, Principal Faults in the Houston, Texas, Metropolitan Area, "A System of Government Where Business Ruled", "Harris County Budget Management: Population Study", "FOCUS: Houston; A Fresh Approach To Zoning", "The Healthiest Housing Markets for 2009 Local Markets, Construction, Home Prices", "2019 Was A Record Year for Houston's Housing Market", "How many skylines do you think Houston has? [335] In August 2017, Houston City Council approved spending for construction of 13 additional miles of bike trails. [90] In 2002, Uptown had more than 23 million square feet (2,100,000 m2) of office space with 16million square feet (1,500,000 m2) of class A office space.[91]. [210] Additionally, more than one in five foreign-born residents are from Asia. [206][207], In 2013, Houston was identified as the number one U.S. city for job creation by the U.S. Bureau of Statistics after it was not only the first major city to regain all the jobs lost in the preceding economic downturn, but also after the crash, more than two jobs were added for every one lost. Eight people died in April 2016 during a storm that dropped 17 inches of rain. Leading in healthcare sectors and building oilfield equipment, Houston has the second-most Fortune 500 headquarters of any U.S. municipality within its city limits (after New York City). QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. NA. [48] In June 2001, Tropical Storm Allison dumped up to 40 inches (1,000mm) of rain on parts of Houston, causing what was then the worst flooding in the city's history and billions of dollars in damage, and killed 20 people in Texas. The Houston area encompasses more than 300 private schools,[278][279][280] many of which are accredited by Texas Private School Accreditation Commission recognized agencies. Renewable energy sourceswind and solarare also growing economic bases in the city,[178][179] and the City Government purchases 90% of its annual 1 TWh power mostly from wind, and some from solar. [105][108], Houston has excessive ozone levels and is routinely ranked among the most ozone-polluted cities in the United States. [74] These faults also tend to move at a smooth rate in what is termed "fault creep",[65] which further reduces the risk of an earthquake. [269] In 2010, the city's murder rate (per capita rate of 11.8 murders per 100,000 population) was ranked sixth among U.S. cities with a population of over 750,000 (behind New York City, Chicago, Detroit, Dallas, and Philadelphia) according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The city of Houston has a strong mayoral form of municipal government. Houston, Texas is the 4th largest city in the US. After the war, Houston's economy reverted to being primarily port-driven. WebHouston is the biggest city by population in the state of Texas with population over 2.4 million, which accounts for 8% of the state population. Consequently, rather than a single central business district as the center of the city's employment, multiple districts and skylines have grown throughout the city in addition to Downtown, which include Uptown, the Texas Medical Center, Midtown, Greenway Plaza, Memorial City, the Energy Corridor, Westchase, and Greenspoint. [dubious discuss][117], In a recent case testing these regulations, near the Brickhouse Gulley, an old golf course that long served as a floodplain and reservoir for floodwaters, announced a change of heart toward intensifying development. In 2017, the Houston Astros won their first World Series. [35], When World War II started, tonnage levels at the port decreased and shipping activities were suspended; however, the war did provide economic benefits for the city. ". [124] The median age was 33.1, up from 32.9 in 2017 and down from 33.5 in 2014; the city's youthfulness has been attributed to an influx of an African American New Great Migration, Hispanic and Latino American, and Asian immigrants into Texas. [94] The last time Houston saw single digit temperatures was on December 23, 1989. During the American Civil War, Houston served as a headquarters for Confederate Major General John B. Magruder, who used the city as an organization point for the Battle of Galveston. In 1983, the 71-floor, 992-foot (302m)-tall Wells Fargo Plaza (formerly Allied Bank Plaza) was completed, becoming the second-tallest building in Houston and Texas. [297] OutSmart is an LGBT magazine in Houston and was ranked "Best Local Magazine" by the Houston Press in 2008. [346], William P. Hobby Airport (HOU), known as Houston International Airport until 1967, operates primarily short- to medium-haul domestic and international flights to 60 destinations. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [288] Founded in 1912, Rice's historic, heavily wooded 300-acre (120-hectare) campus, adjacent to Hermann Park and the Texas Medical Center, hosts approximately 4,000 undergraduate and 3,000 post-graduate students. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000", "How Houston has become the most diverse place in America", "In Houston, America's Diverse Future Has Already Arrived", "Join Us in Houston, America's Next Great Black Business Mecca", "Meet 'Black Girl Magic,' The 19 African-American Women Elected As Judges In Texas", "Join us in Houston, America's Next Great Black Business Mecca", "Sylvester Turner mostly right; Houston is 'most diverse', "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Houston city, Texas 2010", "Same Sex Couples Statistics by The Williams Institute", "Houston Lags Behind Other Major Texas Cities in LGBT-Friendliness", "In energy sector, coming out 'can put you at risk', "Equal rights law opponents deliver signatures seeking repeal", "Religion in America: U.S. With the increase in professional jobs, Houston has become a destination for many college-educated persons, most recently including African Americans in a reverse Great Migration from northern areas. [62] Downtown stands about 50 feet (15m) above sea level,[63] and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 150 feet (46m) in elevation. [201] In the same year, the city ranked second on the annual Fortune 500 list of company headquarters,[202] first for Forbes magazine's "Best Cities for College Graduates",[203] and first on their list of "Best Cities to Buy a Home". [171], Houston has a large and diverse Muslim community; it is the largest in Texas and the Southern United States, as of 2012. [317] A plurality of survey respondents also indicated traffic congestion was the most significant problem facing the metropolitan area. Houston has hosted several major sports events: the 1968, 1986 and 2004 Major League Baseball All-Star Games; the 1989, 2006 and 2013 NBA All-Star Games; Super Bowl VIII, Super Bowl XXXVIII, and Super Bowl LI, as well as hosting the 1981, 1986, 1994 and 1995 NBA Finals, winning the latter two, and hosting the 2005 World Series, 2017 World Series, 2019 World Series, 2021 World Series and 2022 World Series. What is the total population of Houston and its environs? Beyonc Knowles also originated in Houston. [47] Health care has emerged as a major industry in Houston. [158] Other Christian groups including Eastern and Oriental Orthodox Christianity, and non-Christian religions did not grow for much of the city's history because immigration was predominantly from Western Europe (which at the time was dominated by Western Christianity and favored by the quotas in federal immigration law). The Lee and Joe Jamail Skatepark is a public skatepark owned and operated by the city of Houston, and is one of the largest skateparks in Texas consisting of a 30,000-ft2 (2,800 m2)in-ground facility. [195], In 2006, the Houston metropolitan area ranked first in Texas and third in the U.S. within the category of "Best Places for Business and Careers" by Forbes magazine. Hurricane Harvey damaged hundreds of thousands of homes and dumped trillions of gallons of water into the city. National Weather Service Forecast Office, Houston/Galveston, Texas. Some other notable Hip-hop artists from the area include Destiny's Child, Slim Thug, Paul Wall, Mike Jones, Bun B, Geto Boys, Trae tha Truth, Kirko Bangz, Z-Ro, South Park Mexican, Travis Scott and Megan Thee Stallion.[239]. The median household income in 2019 was $52,338 and 20.1% of Houstonians lived at or below the poverty line. [123][128] An estimated 42.3% of Houstonians owned housing units, with an average of 2.65 people per household. [38], In 1945, the M.D. Texas Southern University, in the Third Ward, is the first public institution of higher education in Houston and the most comprehensive HBCU in Texas. Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were constructed along the ship channel because of the demand for petroleum and synthetic rubber products by the defense industry during the war. [261] The city of Houston's official 2010 census count was 600 shy of the required number; however, as the city was expected to grow beyond 2.1 million shortly thereafter, the two additional districts were added for, and the positions filled during, the August 2011 elections. The Greater Houston metropolitan area's independent schools offer education from a variety of different religious as well as secular viewpoints. Houston was the headquarters of Continental Airlines until its 2010 merger with United Airlines with headquarters in Chicago; regulatory approval for the merger was granted in October of that year. [166] The most prominent Eastern and Oriental Orthodox jurisdictions are the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America,[167] the Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of North America,[168] the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria,[169] and Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. [113], Because of Houston's wet season and proximity to the Gulf Coast, the city is prone to flooding from heavy rains; the most notable flooding events include Tropical Storm Allison in 2001 and Hurricane Harvey in 2017, along with most recent Tropical Storm Imelda in 2019 and Tropical Storm Beta in 2020. [75] The six original wards of Houston are the progenitors of the 11 modern-day geographically oriented Houston City Council districts, though the city abandoned the ward system in 1905 in favor of a commission government, and, later, the existing mayorcouncil government. In 2001, Enron Corporation, a Houston company with $100 billion in revenue, became engulfed in an accounting scandal which bankrupted the company in 2001. Since the late 19th century Houston's economy has had a broad industrial base, in energy, manufacturing, aeronautics, and transportation. [25] Railroad spurs from the Texas inland converged in Houston, where they met rail lines to the ports of Galveston and Beaumont. Chris Brown is the city controller, serving his first term as of January2016[update]. [155], Houston and its metropolitan area are the third-most religious and Christian area by percentage of population in the United States, and second in Texas behind the DallasFort Worth metroplex. Beneath the layers of sediment is a water-deposited layer of halite, a rock salt. 1.7 inches of snow fell at George Bush Intercontinental Airport the previous day. 2,366,119. In 1948, the city annexed several unincorporated areas, more than doubling its size. The city issued 42,697 building permits in 2008 and was ranked first in the list of healthiest housing markets for 2009. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. Terms and Conditions Privacy Policy Disclaimers Privacy Policy Disclaimers [308], Houston is considered an automobile-dependent city, with an estimated 77.2% of commuters driving alone to work in 2016,[309] up from 71.7% in 1990[310] and 75.6% in 2009. Highways that follow the location convention include Interstate 10 west of Downtown (Katy Freeway), Interstate 69 north of Downtown (Eastex Freeway), Interstate 45 south of Downtown (Gulf Freeway), and Texas State Highway 225 (La Porte or Pasadena Freeway). [322] Roadway classification affects anticipated traffic volumes, roadway design, and right of way breadth. In: Allen, Carol M. (editor). [324], METRO began light rail service in 2004 with the opening of the 8-mile (13km) north-south Red Line connecting Downtown, Midtown, the Museum District, the Texas Medical Center, and NRG Park. It may be associated with slip along the faults; however, the slippage is slow and not considered an earthquake, where stationary faults must slip suddenly enough to create seismic waves. The Houston area has over 150 active faults (estimated to be 300 active faults) with an aggregate length of up to 310 miles (500km),[71][72][73] including the Long PointEureka Heights fault system which runs through the center of the city. As of 2017[update] some councilmembers who served two terms and won a final term will have served eight years in office, whereas a freshman councilmember who won a position in 2013 can serve up to two additional terms under the previous term limit lawa select few will have at least 10 years of incumbency once their term expires. Download Historical Data Save as Image Houston is no exception. *This position is a hybrid role that requires in office on Tuesdays and Thursdays at 1200 Binz St Suite 1490 Houston TX 77004.Mon, Wed, and Fri are typically work from home. Eric Boerwinkle, PhD, dean of the School of Public Health, said a strategic vision for improving population health that includes the implementation and scale-up of [293], Rice University, near the Museum District and Texas Medical Center, is the most selective private institution in Texas. The University of Houston System owns and holds broadcasting licenses to KUHT and KUHF. ABCNews. [102], Houston generally receives ample rainfall, averaging about 49.8in (1,260mm) annually based on records between 1981 and 2010. The thick, rich, sometimes black, surface soil is suitable for rice farming in suburban outskirts where the city continues to grow.[69][70]. Houston's violent crime rate was 8.6% percent higher in 2016 than the previous year. [313] A 1999 Murdoch University study found Houston had both the lengthiest commute and lowest urban density of 13 large American cities surveyed,[314] and a 2017 Arcadis study ranked Houston 22nd out of 23 American cities in transportation sustainability. [145] The proportion of non-Hispanic whites in Houston has decreased significantly since 1970, when it was 62.4%. Houston hosts the annual Houston College Classic baseball tournament every February, and the Texas Kickoff and Bowl in September and December, respectively.[253]. The city is crossed by three Interstate highways, Interstate 10, Interstate 45, and Interstate 69 (commonly known as U.S. Route 59), as well as a number of other United States routes and state highways. [11] In the same year, Houston became the county seat of Harrisburg County (now Harris County). Locations in Houston are generally classified as either being inside or outside the Interstate 610 loop. The Theater District is a 17-block area in the center of Downtown Houston that is home to the Bayou Place entertainment complex, restaurants, movies, plazas, and parks. Hearst Communications, which owns and operates the Houston Chronicle, bought the assets of the Houston Postits long-time rival and main competitionwhen Houston Post ceased operations in 1995. [272], Houston is a significant hub for trafficking of cocaine, cannabis, heroin, MDMA, and methamphetamine due to its size and proximity to major illegal drug exporting nations. Houston city, Texas. Houston has an active visual and performing arts scene in the Theater District, and offers year-round resident companies in all major performing arts. Allen, Carol M. "What Came Before" (Chapter 1). We apologize for the inconvenience. The Uptown District is also home to buildings designed by noted architects I. M. Pei, Csar Pelli, and Philip Johnson. [159] The largest synagogues are Congregation Beth Yeshurun, a Conservative Jewish temple, and the Reform Jewish congregations Beth Israel and Emanu-El. They paid $5,000 total, but only $1,000 of this in cash; notes made up the remainder. The University of Houston Law Center and Thurgood Marshall School of Law at Texas Southern University are public, ABA-accredited law schools, while the South Texas College of Law, in Downtown, serves as a private, independent alternative. Major freeways in Greater Houston are often referred to by either the cardinal direction or geographic location they travel towards. [164], A variety of Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches can be found in Houston. Had these floodplain development rules had been in place all along, it is estimated that 84% of homes in the 100-year and 500-year floodplains would have been spared damage. In [204] In 2010, the city was rated the best city for shopping, according to Forbes. Houston has the NFL's first retractable-roof stadium with natural grass, NRG Stadium (home of the Texans). According to the Texas Demographic Center, the citys populationabout 2.33 millionhas remained almost the same for the past five years. 6 report categories, 600+ data elements, predictive analytics. In addition, some public school districts also have their own charter schools. [325] The Uptown Line, which runs along Post Oak Boulevard in Uptown,[326] was under construction as a bus rapid transit linethe city's firstwhile the University Line has been postponed indefinitely. The city has hosted several major professional and college sporting events, including the annual Houston Open golf tournament. [210] The city is home to the nation's third-largest concentration of consular offices, representing 92 countries. [338] In 2017, Bcycle logged over 142,000 check outs while expanding to 56 docking stations. The National Museum of Funeral History is in Houston near the George Bush Intercontinental Airport. [304] With hospital locations nationwide and headquarters in Houston, the Triumph Healthcare hospital system was the third largest long term acute care provider nationally in 2005. 1 for paycheck worth", "Houston Is Unstoppable: Why Texas' Juggernaut Is America's #1 Job Creator", "Best Places For Business and Careers Forbes", "International Representation in Houston", "About the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo", The Original Greek Festival, Houston, Texas, "AmericanStyle Magazine Readers Name 2005 Top 10 Art Fairs and Festivals", "Houston Is the New Capital of Southern Cool", "The 10 Hottest Foodie Cities in America and Everything to Eat When You Get There", "The Search for America's Best Food Cities: Houston", "HOUSTON: THE CULINARY CAPITAL OF THE SOUTH", 2006 fall edition of International Quilt Festival attracts 53,546 to Houston, "Central Austin has the makings of a museum district", "Bayou Bend Collections and Gardens, Houston, Texas", "A Place in the Sun Houston Hip-Hop Takes Over", The Heritage Society: Walk into Houston's Past, "Houston botanic garden slowly becoming reality", "Houston Dash first expansion team in NWSL", "All eyes on Houston: New plans to bring rugby franchise, stadium to the Bayou City", "The Start of Something Big: Toyota Center upgrades to Include New Concourse HD TVs, Wi-Fi and Concessions Systems", "Houston Unveils New Football Stadium Renderings", "Houston, we have liftoff for October 2013 event", "IndyCar's coming to town: Houston race slated for 2013 Houston Chronicle", "Office of the Controller, City of Houston", "Local Government in Texas: Cities, Towns, Counties, and Special Districts", "City Council may grow by two seats, Houston Chronicle", "Aimee Buras, "Clymer Wright, force for Houston term limits, found dead", January 25, 2011", "Houston Is Largest City to Elect Openly Gay Mayor", "Florida is about to ban sanctuary cities. The city of Houston was incorporated in 1837 and adopted a ward system of representation shortly afterward, in 1840. As Brookings Institution demographer William Frey and many others have pointed out, the population of large U.S. citiesover 1 million peoplehas been going down since 2016. [336], Houston's bicycle sharing system started service with nineteen stations in May 2012. The original city council line-up of 14 members (nine district-based and five at-large positions) was based on a U.S. Justice Department mandate which took effect in 1979. [2] In 2017, the census-estimated population was 2,312,717, and in 2018 it was 2,325,502. The innermost loop is Interstate 610, commonly known as the Inner Loop, which encircles Downtown, the Texas Medical Center, Greenway Plaza, the cities of West University Place and Southside Place, and many core neighborhoods.
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