The middle three staves recount Scrooge’s past, present and future and lead him to meet the three ghosts who teach him the error of his ways. The role of the narrator. This playful example of personification makes the city seem exciting and alive, and reflect the energy surrounding Christmas. It also sets up the events that bring about his redemption. The Novella is split into five staves. Language Analysis Based on Stave 1 Invite general responses to the novel’s characters and style, including any factors that make the reading a challenging experience. As the story progresses the narrator becomes more melancholy as … The children under the Ghost of Christmas Present's cloak are a metaphor showing the effects of greed and miserliness. A Christmas Carol is a fairly straightforward allegory built on an episodic narrative structure in which each of the main passages has a fixed, obvious symbolic meaning. He also places himself and the reader at the heart of the action, by suggesting that he is 'standing in the spirit at (the reader's) elbow.'. Dickens uses vivid language, elements of classic ghost stories and a clear five-part structure to present this Christmas story. Dickens describes the alleyways where the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come takes Scrooge as: How does the language in this quotation create a sense of place? Dickens’ uses symbols throughout the novella to communicate his ideas. The narrator controls the tone of the novella, using different language styles throughout the tale. Dickens uses language to draw us into the story and to present characters and scenes that are entertaining. ), Evidence and explanation of the language used, Dickens uses a narrative voice that offers opinions on the characters. The Language used in A Christmas Carol. Scrooge and the Ghost of Marley by Arthur Rackham. The children, ignorance and want personify the problems caused when society neglect the poor. Identifying the Meanings of Words and Phrases, Worksheet 1. Music is used to show joy and happiness in Fezziwig’s party and at Fred’s house. Dickens uses language to draw us into the story. Have students write short essays in which they describe the life and personality of Scrooge as he is described in the opening stave. Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. At the end of the novel the narrator is again light hearted for the happy and uplifting ending. Identifying the Meanings of Words and Phrases (teachers version). CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.R.4. The lack of warmth in Scrooge’s life is depicted by “a very small fire” in his offices and “a very low fire” at his home. Onions in the green grocers' shops appear "ruddy, brown-faced, broad-girthed" as they sit "winking from their shelves". By focusing on selected passages, students understand Dickens’ language and recognize the protagonist’s adamant refusal to participate in the holiday celebrated by everyone around him. What might be Marley’s reasons for appearing at Scrooge’s home and promising a series of visions? The narrator has a casual tone and comes across as a talkative and witty story teller again suggesting the story should be read aloud to a group. He also places himself and the reader at the heart of the action, by suggesting that he is 'standing in the spirit at (the reader's) elbow.'. The narrative voice is entertaining and instructs the reader how to feel about Scrooge. Marley’s chain is made out of cash boxes, keys, padlocks and ledgers, this symbolises Marley’s obsession with money and how it has lead him to ignore his fellowman. What sorts of visions do you expect Scrooge will experience? Dickens’ gives each stave a clear purpose; The first stave introduces us to the character of Scrooge and highlights his many flaws. Alleys and archways, like so many cesspools, disgorged their offences of smell, and dirt, and life, upon the straggling streets; and the whole quarter reeked with crime, with filth, and misery. By referring to the chapters as staves Dickens’ suggests that the novella will be a joyous, uplifting and moral tale.

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