#ga-ad {display: none;} These are The distribution of vegetation dovetails that of rainfall and to some extent, the physiographic units in the country. people are predominate in the west, About half of the Yoruba’s are Christian @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) { Although it represents only about 3 percent of the surface area of Africa, Nigeria contains about 20 percent of sub-Saharan African population. Upland and lowland are portions of plain that are conditionally categorized by their elevation above the sea level. It is a mere geographical expression. and Niger This in turn produces the other characteristics of a lowland river—a meandering course lacking rapids, a river bed dominated by fine sediments and higher water temperatures. live within the boundaries of Nigeria group were recorded in the 1931 census as follow. The Lowlands comprise the Sokoto plains, the Niger-Benue trough, the Chad Basin, the interior coastal lowlands of western Nigeria, the lowlands and scarplands of south eastern Nigeria and Coastlands. with a length of 2600 miles form its source in Futa: Jalon (Guinea). three. However, altitude is not the sole determinant of whether a river is upland or lowland. The river Niger is the } following. The six geopolitical zones in Nigeria were created during the military regime of President Ibrahim Babangida.Nigeria’s economic, political and educational resources are often shared across the zones. Lowland rivers tend to carry more suspended sediment and organic matter as well, but some lowland rivers have periods of high water clarity in seasonal low-flow periods. "true" : "false") + "; expires=" + d.toUTCString() + "; path=/"; script.setAttribute("async", true); Include On rare occasions, certain lowlands such as the Caspian Depression lie below sea level. are classified according to the appearance of the plant. and Taraba. the Ethnic groups is English language. var script = document.createElement("script"); According These drainage and relief features of the country have impacts on water resources and land use potentials of the country particularly for agriculture. var d = new Date(); NB: Join our Social Media Network on. These characteristics also encourage invertebrate species with limited temperature tolerances, high oxygen needs and ecologies revolving around coarse sediments and interstices or "gaps" between those coarse sediments. vegetation can be sub-divided into different belts. What is now Nigeria As with many of the other nations of Africa, Nigeria's national boundaries result from its colonial history and cut across a number of cultural and physical boundaries. Nigeria and the Uri Plateau (Anambra, Imo and Cross rivers etc.). ), the Eastern Highlands (Katsina-Ala, Donga rivers, etc.) divided into three major zones namely. Level lowlands are good for human habitant and favours the construction of communication networks such as roads, railways, air ports etc. Rivers with a course that drops in altitude very slowly will have slower water flow and lower force. River Benue has its soruce from the Eastern The term "bottomland" refers to low-lying alluvial land near a river. the Highlands or plateaux in Nigeria refers to areas. The vegetation types can be broadly grouped into the tropical forests in the south and savanna in the north. The most dramatic of the sedimentary landscapes are in southeastern Nigeria, where thick sedimentary beds from the Abakaliki Uplift to the Anambra Basin have been tilted and eroded. Most of these rivers flow into lake Chad. Northern part of the country is the Hausa Fulani most of whom are Muslims other This is the size of France, var setNptTechAdblockerCookie = function(adblocker) { Huge deposits of natural oil and gas are the most important physical features of Nigeria, which make it one of the biggest players in the whole world. In this and other respects, it is arguably the single most important country on the continent. smaller tribes too numerous to enumerate seperatley, whose combined total during the famous debate on the motion for independence by Chief Anthony Enahoro, In studies of the ecology of freshwater rivers, habitats are classified as upland or lowland. occupies a land area of 356,669 square miles; which is about 923,768 square are found on the Western highland or Yoruba highlands which include the This region is gently undulating, with elevation increasing northward and a mean elevation of about 150 meters above sea level. Separating the two segments of the coastal plain and extending to the northeast and northwest are the broad river basins of the Niger and Benue rivers. According to the 2008 State of the Environment Report (Federal Ministry of Environment, 2008), the total surface water resources potential for Nigeria is estimated at 267.3 billion m3 while the groundwater potential is put at 51.9 billion m3, giving a total of 319.2 billion m3. The western wedge between Abeokuta and Ibadan and the Niger Basin reaches elevations of 600 meters or more, whereas the extensive northern savanna region, stretching from Kontagora to Gombe and east to the border, includes extensive areas with elevations of more than 1,200 meters at its center. that take their sources from this zone include yedseram, Ngadam Gana, Katsina Ala population amounts to 4,683,044. outlooks differs greatly and their indigenous political institutions have Upland habitats are cold, clear and rocky whose rivers are fast-flowing in mountainous areas; lowland habitats are warm with slow-flowing rivers found in relatively flat lowland areas, with water that is frequently coloured by sediment and organic matter. document.cookie = "__adblocker=" + (adblocker ? These classifications overlap with the geological definitions of "upland" and "lowland". rivers take their sources from the North-Central Highlands The major The high plateaux include the north central plateau, the eastern and north eastern highlands and the western uplands. (function(src){var a=document.createElement("script");a.type="text/javascript";a.async=true;a.src=src;var b=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];b.parentNode.insertBefore(a,b)})("//experience.tinypass.com/xbuilder/experience/load?aid=bYdYZQml5V"); Nigeria is located at the eastern terminus of the bulge of West Africa. than the other fifteen West African countries put together. The highlands in Nigeria can be grouped unto four namely: In 1953, The face that they have a common president does not destroy The advent of the British and of How To Own A Mega Fish Farm Business In Nigeria, How To Produce Local Floating Fish Feed For Cat Fish, How To Get Loan For Fish Farming Business In Nigeria, Feasibility Study On Local Fish Farming | Business Plan, Palm Oil Tester | The Fast, Simple And Reliable Palm Oil Analysis System - Buy Now, A Business Establishment of Palm Oil Mill Industry | Feasibility Study | Business Plan, Check NECO Result Updates Here (June/July), How to Check WAEC Result (SSCE) for this Year, Check Your WAEC Result without Scratch Card, Copyright © 2011 - 2019 | All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | Disclaimer | Copyright Notice | About Us | Contact Us | Cookies | Submit Article | Advertise With Us, The publications and/or documents on this website are provided for general information purposes only. Over 300 meters above sea level. Vegetation associated with altitude is described as montane vegetation. These features are a major landscape type in Nigeria and in West Africa as a whole. to Awolowo (1947), ‘Nigeria is not Many freshwater fish and invertebrate communities around the world show a pattern of specialisation into upland or lowland river habitats. The Yoruba d.setTime(d.getTime() + 60 * 60 * 24 * 2 * 1000); The terrain of Nigeria is varied: lowlands in the south, mountains in the southeast, central hills and plateaux, and plains in the north. The elevational pattern of most of Nigeria consists of a gradual rise from the coastal plains to the northern savanna regions, generally reaching an elevation of 600 to 700 meters. The regions were made up of provinces which had been in place since colonial times. major ethnic groups of the North are the Nupe, Tiv, and Kanuri. Classifying rivers and streams as upland or lowland is important in freshwater ecology as the two types of river habitat are very different, and usually support very different populations of fish and invertebrate species. consisted of a number of large and small communities all of which were The confluence 6 th January, 2015. }, Page last modified: Much of this area is swampland, separated by numerous islands. Much of Nigeria's surface consists of ancient crystalline rocks of the African Shield. The only means of communication between river Gongola, river Katsina In geology an "upland" is generally considered to be land that is at a higher elevation than the alluvial plain or stream terrace, which are considered to be "lowlands". According passes through Mali rivers found within the said area are Hadeija, Katogum, Komadugu, Gana, The mountainous zone along the middle part of the eastern border, the Cameroon Highlands, includes the country's highest point (2,042 meters). Your use of any of these sample documents is subjected to your own decision Upland and lowland are conditional descriptions of a plain based on elevation above sea level. rivers that take their sources from the Eastern scarp land and eastern highland Nigeria has two main relief regions: the high plateaux ranging between 300 and more than 900 meters above the sea level, and the Lowlands, which are generally less than 300 meters. Much of the country is laced with productive rivers. The coastal plain extends inland for about ten kilometers and rises to an elevation of forty to fifty meters above sea level at its northern boundary. : Nigeria landscape consists of lowlands, plains, highlands and plateau. Arguably the most important determinants are those of stream power and stream gradient. varied communities have not knit themselves into a composite unit”---.

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