The group's distinctive shape is easily located because of its brightness and close proximity to each other. By the year 400 AD, the constellation was not visible from most of Europe anymore, and Europeans did not rediscover Crux until the great naval expeditions of the late 15th and early 16th century. It is located in the third quadrant of the southern hemisphere (SQ3) and can be seen at latitudes between +20° and -90°. It can be seen all year round from almost anywhere in the Australia. The cluster has a visual magnitude of 4.2 and contains about a hundred stars. BZ Crucis is an X-ray source. The Southern Cross asterism is composed out of five bright stars, namely, Acrux, the brightest star in Crux, Mimosa, the second, Gacrux, Ginan, and Imai. The three brightest stars got the nickname “traffic lights” because of their different colours. Crux has one star with known planets and contains no Messier objects. Zeta Crucis is another double star in Crux constellation. There is another B class subgiant star in the system, but it is believed to be more distant from the other components and merely located along the same line of sight. One of the stars is a Beta Cephei variable and its luminosity varies between 4.70 and 4.74. Crux appeared on celestial globes by Petrus Plancius (1598) and Jodocus Hondius (1600). It is the smallest of all 88 constellations. It was the French astronomer Augustin Royer who formally separated Crux from Centaurus. The Coalsack earned the nickname Black Magellanic Cloud in the 16th century, apparently rivalling the prominence of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, the two dwarf irregular galaxies that shine brightly in the skies of the Southern Hemisphere. Crux is a famous constellation in many cultures. Our journalists strive for accuracy but on occasion we make mistakes. Lambda Crucis is a blue-white dwarf with an apparent magnitude of 4.6. Its estimated age is 10 million years. Other stars attributed to this constellation are epsilon crucis, lota crucis and mu crucis. It is approximately 6,440 light years distant from the solar system. Epsilon Crucis is an orange giant, a class K3III star with a visual magnitude of 3.56, approximately 228 light years distant from Earth. Both stars are very hot, almost class O, and their respective luminosities are 25,000 and 16,000 times that of the Sun. 679215 Registered office: 1 London Bridge Street, London, SE1 9GF. The Coalsack Nebula is a famous dark nebula, easily seen as a large dark patch in the southern region of the Milky Way. Its spectral classification is B4Vne, and the star is also classified as a Beta Cephei variable, the type of variable star that exhibits change in brightness as a result of the pulsation of its surface. It cannot be seen north of latitude 27°N. The dominant star in the cluster is Kappa Crucis (HD 111973), a red, M-type supergiant with a visual magnitude of 5.98. There is one meteor shower associated with the constellation; the Crucids. Professor Brian Cox and Dara O' Briain recently guided viewers through the night sky on BBC2, with highlights including this stunning constellation. Image: NASA, JPL-Caltech, WISE Team. Crux is not visible north of +20° in the northern hemisphere, and it is circumpolar south of 34°S, which means that it never sets below the horizon. The flag of Samoa has the Southern Cross placed on the upper outer quadrant of the flag. Crux Constellation Map, by IAU and Sky&Telescope magazine. This star is IRAS 12194-6007, a carbon star that is near the end of its life-cycle. Alpha-1 Crucis is a spectroscopic double, with 14th and 10th magnitude components orbiting each other with a period of 76 days. The closely related blue hued beta star is 353 light years from the earth and possesses a magnitude of 1.3. Crux is the smallest of the 88 constellations, occupying an area of only 68 square degrees. To the naked eye, the cluster appears like a star near Beta Crucis, one of the stars that form the Southern Cross. The nebula is about 600 light years distant from Earth. The Southern Cross carries cultural significance in many countries in the southern hemisphere. The 2nd century Greek astronomer Ptolemy listed the stars of Crux as part of the constellation Centaurus in his Almagest. It has a visual magnitude of 4.30. The Inca knew the constellation as Chakana, which means “the stair.” The Maori called it Te Punga, or “the anchor.”. The constellation is not visible in the northern hemisphere. It has an apparent magnitude of 2.775 and is about 360 light years distant. The cluster can only be observed from the southern hemisphere. Amerigo Vespucci charted the stars in 1501, but a more accurate depiction appeared in 1515, made by another Italian explorer, Andrea Corsali. Acrux is a multiple star system composed of Alpha-1 Crucis, a B class subgiant, and Alpha-2 Crucis, a B class dwarf. Beta Crucis is a spectroscopic binary composed of two stars, about 8 AU apart, that orbit each other every five years. Crux, or the Southern Cross, is a prominent constellation in the southern sky. The star system has a stellar classification of B2 IV. Countries Located Completely in the Southern Hemisphere, European Countries That Are Not Members Of The European Union, The US States Most Prone To Natural Disasters, The Largest Football (Soccer) Stadiums In The World. The green-coloured star seen beside Epsilon Crucis is emitting light at 12 microns. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The brightest star in the constellation is Acrux, Alpha Crucis, with an apparent visual magnitude of 0.77. Epsilon Crucis and the reflection nebula IRAS 12116-6001 – this cloud of interstellar dust cannot be seen directly in visible light, but WISE’s detectors observed the nebula at infrared wavelengths.

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