Without capitalization, it could refer to anyone in the southern hemisphere, or perhaps southern England. Which sentence is capitalized correctly on a cloudless night? There's not enough context in your example to offer any solid advice (e.g., the "north" of where? Capitalize these words when they designate regions. Thus, here are 10 capitalization rules you should know for a well written write-up: Capitalize the first word of every sentence. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The Starved Rock Lodge offers world-famous Midwestern hospitality in a scenic environment. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Here are a few more examples: When the directional terms are not proper names and are affixed to proper nouns simply to denote direction, they are written in lowercase for example, "southern France", "northern New York", etc. That's when even the most exhaustive style . Capitalize the first word of every sentence. When referring to Greek, Roman, and other groups of gods and goddesses, only the name is capitalized. To make room for the ZIP Code, state names needed to be abbreviated. Unless they are actually part of the place name, directions dont need to be capitalized, but this depends on personal preference (e.g., if it might make this clearer to the reader) and whether its specified by a style guide. Which Teeth Are Normally Considered Anodontia? States should also be abbreviated when used as part of a short-form political affiliation. When youre talking about Americas West Coast or the Middle East, the directional word is also part of a proper name, and it gets a capital letter. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this websites owner is strictly prohibited. Q. Debating with an editor over capitalization of the word bicentennial. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. My name is Erin. Why are trials on "Law & Order" in the New York Supreme Court? But you capitalize them when theyre specific regions or an integral part of a proper name. 2022 - 2023 Times Mojo - All Rights Reserved I am living in Western Downtown. Am I a midwesterner or a Midwesterner? The first instance of when "global" should be capitalized is when used as the first word in a sentence. The word white is not usually capitalized in this situation; men would never be. The mines are located in the western part of the plateau. Is that an argument? What is, In a front-wheel drive setup, theyre what transfers power to the wheels via the transmission or differential (in a rear-wheel drive setup). only if it's a proper name. A region can be a city, town, village, country, continent, or any area that comes under the jurisdiction or administration of a state. Shawn Manaher is the founder and CEO of The Content Authority. AP Style holds to the general rule of lowercasing compass directions and capitalizing regions. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. 2023 Caniry - All Rights Reserved By convention, however, southern is capitalized when it refers to the region of California: I live in Southern California. Before capitalizing words like east, west, north, and south, check whether you are using them as part of a proper noun or merely to refer to direction or location.Don't capitalize directions (we sailed due east) and locations (western India), but do capitalize compass points when they occur in proper nouns (North Korea, South Sudan, East Dunbartonshire, the Great Western Plains). Otherwise, not. Whichever version you use, then, we'd suggest not capitalizing the direction, just the country name. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate general location or refer to the geography or climate of the region. However, if you use the word southern instead of a general location, such as the southern winds, the word should be lowercase. Others may argue that the word simply denotes the direction of the region the individual lives and must not have the capital letter. Words Which Should Not Be Capitalized in a Title. These are not governed entities, but they are official designations. The FHA insures mortgages for buyers with low credit scores and down payments as low as 3.5%. Terms that denote regions of the world or of a particular country are often capitalized, as are a few of the adjectives and nouns derived from such terms. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. I don't think there's an established norm for identifying regions of Albania in English (although you might get a different answer if you asked an Albanian, I suppose), but looking at Google Ngrams, "southeastern Albania" seems to be the most common option: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=southeast+Albania%2Csoutheastern+Albania%2Csouth-east+Albania%2Csouth-eastern+Albania&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3&direct_url=t1%3B%2Csoutheast%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csoutheastern%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csouth%20-%20east%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csouth%20-%20eastern%20Albania%3B%2Cc0 Use the US Postal Services symbol system, which is a two-letter abbreviation that consists of a two-letter abbreviation in which both letters are capitalized and no periods are used when giving an address or in tables or other uses where space is limited. More answers below hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(42679, '499cbd76-cfa5-4fea-836f-ead06058d874', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); North, East, South or West - Capitalize or Not? You can even submit asample document for free to see how our services work. ), Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. Southern belle (from French belle 'beautiful') is a colloquialism for a debutante in the planter class of the Antebellum South. If the is used, use Prime Minister. When the name of a city and state are used together, the name of the state should be abbreviated (except for Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas and Utah). If you are merely referring to a direction, such as "go north on I-90," then you should keep north lowercase. Consistency is the most important thing, though, so you should be fine as long as the form chosen is clear and you use it each time. Posted by Each morning, the sun rises in the east . When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. In most forms of writings, not capitalizing direction names when they could have been capitalized doesn't bother the readers much. ANS: Demand, Copyright 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. Hi there! The sentence reads "I turned on north Bolton." Besides the global continents, there are also atmospheric and hydrospheric regions that encompass the oceans, discrete climates, or environments above the water and landmasses of earth. For example, Silicon Valley isn't a proprietary name or legally defined area, but it receives initial caps anyway. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 5 Should states and territories be Capitalised? Hello! Western (and Northern) blots however, were not named after inventors but were given these names in honor of . Are seasons capitalized or not? Do not drive, Five Below Job Opportunities Earning consideration for Five Below jobs begins with meeting the companys minimum employment age, which is 16 years old. And "north" in that sentence refers to a direction (i.e., where you turned), not the place (i.e., Bolton Avenue). After all, it was named after its inventor, Edwin Southern, and therefore the use of the capital is justified. Title Case Capitalization (APA 7th) Sentence Case Capitalization (APA 7th) For example: The words are also not capitalized if they only indicate locations or the climate or geography of a region. To put it another way, capitalize words like Mother, Father, Grandmother, Grandfather, Son, Daughter, and Sis in place of the persons name. - thanks! If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if instead you reference a general location, such as the southern winds, then the word southern should be lowercase. (I have no authority for this opinion, other than my intuition as an English speaker. As noted in the post, there's no need to capitalize generic directions (only when they're part of a proper noun). Instead of using the frequently used double-space, only use one space after a period to properly follow AP style guidelines. If the writer is referring to the United States and calling it just the States, then states needs to be capitalized. Hi, Michael. When using a U.S. geographic region as an adjective, the decision to capitalize or lowercase will depend on your style guide. In this particular sentence, I is capitalized because it is placed at the beginning of the sentence. Thus, we have rigid goldenrod but Missouri goldenrod, azure penstemon but Torrey's penstemon and California penstemon. Capitalize the traditional geographic regions in the United States: the Midwest, the North, the South, the West, and the combined regions (i.e., the Northeast, the Southeast, and the Southwest).1. So the upshot of my answer is that you didn't miss the memo (or perhaps I should say The Memo) on this issue, but at the same time you didn't notice a larger phenomenon in accordance with which initial-capping Southern California is by no means a unique, inexplicable, or indefensible treatment of a regional name. But in other cases, it is more a matter of convention and habit. September 18, 2013, at 9:56 pm. To capitalize or not quoted text after be form, How to handle a hobby that makes income in US. However, as in the case of plant names, animal names are not capitalized ("I spotted a red-tailed hawk," not "I spotted a Red-Tailed Hawk"), except when an element of the name is a proper noun, as in "Steller . That means you should lowercase articles, conjunctions, and prepositionshowever, some style guides say to capitalize conjunctions and prepositions that are longer than five letters. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. However, if you are referring to a general region, such as the east coast of the United States then you should keep the words lowercase. For example, The hurricane move north towards the Gulf Coast. (1) often capitalized: of or relating to any of various population groups having dark pigmentation of the skin (black Americans) (2) : of or relating to the African-American people or their culture (black literature) (a black college) (black pride) (black studies) From Merriam-Webster Dictionary Part of the definition for white Most style guides recommend capitalizing "West Coast" when referring to the western seaboard of the U.S. hi, should i capitalize 'west' in 'west Africa' or 'north' in north Africa'? Capitalize names of organizations, institutions, stores, businesses, teams, political parties, and government bodies. The pronoun "I" The Chicago Manual of Style, sixteenth edition (2010) has a useful and detailed discussion of this issue. Use lowercase when referring to directions on a compass. You capitalize state only when it follows the name of the state, as in New York State is also called the Empire State, or when its part of a traditional name for a state, like Empire State or Lone Star State. When it precedes the name of the state, dont capitalize the word unless its part of a title of . Lowercase to when it functions in an infinitive. Capitalize proper nouns and most adjectives formed from proper nouns. I still don't see any "descriptivist argument", much less a strong one. When in doubt, lowercase. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as " the Southern States ." However, if instead you reference a general location, such as "the southern winds," then the word southern should be lowercase. Is it Southern or Southern? You should always capitalize Southerner since it refers to a group of people who are proper nouns. I assume CMOS have done reasonable research before arguing against a rigid insistence on 'the principles sketched in [an earlier section of CMOS]' and have thought carefully before arguing against ignoring authors' strong preferences. We also lowercase the terms when they refer to people: My friend is a southerner. A region could also be a group of nations. the Deep South. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Each morning, the sun rises in the east . Capitalize directions that are names; North, South, East, and West when used as sections of the country, but not as compass directions. However, when these words are actually part of the place name, they must be capitalized. Here are some rules to follow. What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? Many scholars now study the global South. When a database has been given a proper name, capitalize that name, but do not italicize it or place it inside quote marks. Is this correct. Please note that my close-vote reason was 'lack of reasonable signs of research'; I believe that there are differences between the 'northern Europe' example and this one. However, the forms bachelor's degree, bachelor's, master's degree and master's are acceptable as general terms. In general, Midwesterners are friendly and down to earth. 1 Is south capitalized when referring to Southern states? Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. But it would be unusual to do this for a less well-known location, such as south Coventry.. Note that exceptions based on specific regional, political, or historical contexts are inevitable and that an author's strong preference should usually be respected. There is room for variation here: if you live in Coventry and youre writing for other Coventry residents, then perhaps writing South Coventry would make sense. Is south capitalized when referring to Southern states? The following sentence is capitalized correctly : I learned that Thor is the god of thunder when I read a book about myths from Norway. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Example: "War-weary ministers in London asked themselves why they fought a costly war in the [north] when they had friends in the Carolinas and Georgia.". Do You Capitalize "Real Estate"? The names of things are known as common nouns. Prepositions, such as at, around, by, after, along, for, from, of, on, to, with & without. If states is being referred to in a general manner, such as There are two senators for each state, then the word states would remain lower case. Seasons. Todays post explains when to capitalize geographic regions in the United States. Are you captivated by capitalization? Does the word federal need to be capitalized? You should only capitalize directions, such as south, when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as "in the South.". Home-buyers pay a 1.75% fee up . In terms of "human geography", the regions and their subregions are elucidated by the ethnography discipline. The same rule applies for specific regions when you add -ern onto the end of a direction. When we write the days of the week, we always use a capital letter. Guidance to capitalize proper nouns in APA Style. are not capitalized when they merely denote compass direction. If youre referring to the Western States, for example, youre referring to a group of proper nouns. AP style is primarily for journalists and writers who want to conform to traditional journalism styles. Only when it's very apparent or writing the direction names in small letters looks completely off, capitalize them. Here Chemistry and Spanish are the proper nouns. South Pacific. Racial and ethnic groups are designated by proper nouns and are capitalized. The word "southern" is not part of the official name of California or any city or county, so I never capitalize it. Filed Under: Writing Tagged With: AP style, capitalization, Chicago style, dictionaries. Less democratic. Thus people who live in southern California may prefer to write Southern California. At the most basic level, the standard advice is to lowercase north, south, east and west when used as compass directions and to capitalize them when they are used as part of a proper noun or adjective or refer to regions or geographic areas. Are both letters capitalized in state abbreviations? It only loosely defines a region of California and its border is not officially defined either. The question as to whether something should be considered a name or not is one of style, and as such you should adhere to the discipline of your editor, publication, or organization, or in the absence of a house style, you should adopt a suitable. Popular usage sets the rules for standard practice especially in the case of region names. But things become tricky once we get down to the details. When words like northern, southern, eastern, or western precede a place name, they aren't usually capitalized because they only indicate a general location within a region. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. That means that official names of departments and units should be capitalized and not when referring to just a type of department or unit. Explanation: Because, Pisces is a noun. Some common examples of when you should capitalize south include: down South the Deep South But, generally, you only need to capitalize a direction in a place name if the direction is a standard part of the places name. Duck Vs. Loon: How Are These Words Connected? Circling back to the "title" rule, if the headline is in sentence case and the word "region" is not the starting word of the title, "region" should be written in lowercase. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. When it's an adjective ("bicentennial year"), I agree that no cap is needed . The Starved Rock Lodge offers world-famous midwestern hospitality in a scenic environment. TimesMojo is a social question-and-answer website where you can get all the answers to your questions. On a cloudless night, I studied Pisces, a constellation in the North sky. Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. Names of racial and ethnic groups are treated as proper nouns, which means they are capitalized (e.g., African American, Asian American, Black, European American, First Nations, Hispanic, Native American, Latinx, White). Using Kolmogorov complexity to measure difficulty of problems? South-Eastern Albania? But because it has defined boundaries and administration, it's a "region". capitalization, maps, writing tips. The Chicago Manual of Style. Check your style guide (if applicable) for advice on specific terms. Meaning of Western world and alternative terms, Specifying geography with cardinal directions, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup, Meaning of " Western world" and alternative terms. Names of gods are capitalized, including Allah, Vishnu, and God. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Western States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the western winds then western should be lowercase. When And When Not To. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? The Department decided on the current two-letter abbreviations in October 1963. For example, The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style) recommends capitalization:2. You would capitalize "Southern" when referring to the people, or their culture, politics, or social activities, e.g., Southern hospitality, Southern cuisine, Southern accents. Is north capitalized there? Bulk update symbol size units from mm to map units in rule-based symbology. You should only capitalize "east" when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as "in the East" or "in the Middle East". Is Southern capitalized in southern states? The Midwest is the breadbasket of the United States. As explained in the post, there is no need to capitalize these words when used generically (only when they're part of a proper noun).
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